Expandable closure for use in hot fill containers

ABSTRACT

A closure for a hot-filled container may have a base adapted to be coupled to the container, the base having a bottom side and a top side; and a roof having an outer diameter, the roof being coupled to the top side of the base at the outer diameter, the roof having: a plurality of substantially flat concentric panels elevated from the top side of the base, wherein each panel is elevated from the next outermost adjacent panel by a sidewall; and a substantially flat center coupled to an inner diameter of an innermost substantially flat panel and elevated therefrom

CROSS-RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a non-provisional application and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/780,055, filed Mar. 8, 2006, entitled “Expandable Closure for use in Hot-fill Containers,” the contents of which are incorporated herein in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to container closures, and more particularly to closures for use in hot-fill containers.

2. Related Art

When hot-filling a container, the container is capped when the contents are at an elevated temperature. The container is manipulated to ensure the hot contents eliminate any biological contaminants in the container. At the elevated temperature, the container bulges. When the contents cool, the volume of any gas in the container is reduced, which can cause the bulging container to flex inwardly slightly past its original blown dimensions. A conventional solution to the flexing container is to put vacuum panels on the container.

Vacuum panels, however, can limit design freedom for the container. For example, the positioning of vacuum panels on the label panels of the container is undesirable because there may be a gap between the label and the container where the vacuum panels are placed. If there is a gap, the label may retain water in the gap, for example, when the container is submerged in ice in a cooler. Retained water may then run out from under the label when the customer consumes the product. Additionally, the label may not be able to completely contact or adhere to the surface of the container, due to the vacuum panels' deep draw characteristics into the container.

Some glass beverage containers have used a metal closure to vacuum seal the containers. However, the flexing of such closures is not enough to compensate for the larger dimensional movements on larger containers. What is needed then is an improved solution to the vacuum pressure created by hot-filling that overcomes shortcomings of conventional solutions.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention include an expandable closure that flexes in response to pressure applied. Use of an exemplary closure may reduce or eliminate the need for vacuum panels in the body of the container, permitting more design freedom.

In one exemplary embodiment, the present invention may be a closure for a hot-filled container comprising: a base adapted to be coupled to the container, the base having a bottom side and a top side; and a roof having an outer diameter, the roof being coupled to the top side of the base at the outer diameter, the roof having: a plurality of substantially flat concentric panels elevated from the top side of the base, wherein each panel is elevated from the next outermost adjacent panel by a sidewall; and a substantially flat center coupled to an inner diameter of an innermost substantially flat panel and elevated therefrom.

In another exemplary embodiment, the present invention may be a closure for a hot-filled container comprising: a base adapted to be coupled to the container, the base having a bottom side and a top side; and a roof having an outer diameter, the roof being coupled to the top side of the base at the outer diameter, the roof having: at least one area of a first thickness; and at least one area of a second thickness.

In another exemplary embodiment, the present invention may be a closure for a hot-filled container comprising: a base adapted to be coupled to the container, the base having a bottom side and a top side; and a roof having an outer diameter, the roof being coupled to the top side of the base at the outer diameter, the roof having: at least one area comprised of a first material; and at least one area comprised of a second material; wherein the first and second materials have different deflection rates at a given temperature.

Further objectives and advantages, as well as the structure and function of preferred embodiments will become apparent from a consideration of the description, drawings, and examples.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following, more particular description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally indicate identical, functionally similar, and/or structurally similar elements.

FIG. 1 depicts a side view of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable closure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 depicts a top view of the closure shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 depicts a partial cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable closure according to the present invention, wherein the roof of the closure has varying thickness;

FIG. 4 depicts a partial cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable closure according to the present invention, wherein the roof of the closure has varying thickness;

FIG. 5 depicts a partial cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable closure according to the present invention, wherein the roof of the closure has varying thickness;

FIG. 6 depicts a partial cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable closure according to the present invention, wherein the roof of the closure has varying thickness;

FIG. 7 depicts a partial cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable closure according to the present invention, wherein the roof of the closure includes at least two different materials;

FIG. 8 depicts a partial cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable closure according to the present invention, wherein the roof of the closure includes at least two different materials;

FIG. 9 depicts a partial cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable closure according to the present invention, wherein the roof of the closure includes at least two different materials; and

FIG. 10 depicts a partial cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable closure with an over-cap according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the invention are discussed in detail below. In describing embodiments, specific terminology is employed for the sake of clarity. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terminology so selected. While specific exemplary embodiments are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustration purposes only. A person skilled in the relevant art will recognize that other components and configurations can be used without parting from the spirit and scope of the invention. All references cited herein are incorporated by reference as if each had been individually incorporated.

As seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, a closure 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may have a base 102, which may be threaded or have some other attachment mechanism for engagement with the neck of the container to be closed. Base 102 has a bottom side which is closer to the container when attached, and a top side where the “roof” of the closure is coupled. The roof of the closure may have one or more raised concentric panels 104 a, 104 b, 104 c (collectively, 104). Each panel 104 is raised with respect to its outer neighbor, and lower than its inner neighbor. The amount that each panel 104 is lower with respect to its inner neighbor is determined by the height of a side wall 106 a, 106 b, 106 c, respectively. The transition between a sidewall 106 and the panels 104 to which it is coupled may be sharp, as depicted in FIG. 1, or may be rounded or sloped. The closure 100 additionally has a center 108, which has no higher inner panel, and is itself higher than its outer neighboring panel 104. The expanded closure 100 may be substantially dome-shaped. While the closure 100 depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2 has three panels 104 and a center, the closure 100 is not limited to only three panels and a center. More or fewer panels may be used.

In other embodiments, different panels 104 are at different elevations relative to their neighboring panels. For example, panel 104 c may be lower than panel 104 b. Also, panels 104 may be square, oval, or some other shape, and not necessarily round. In some embodiments, the panels 104 may be of a different thickness than that of sidewalls 106.

Once a hot-filled container is closed with a closure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the closure may contract on its own as the pressure in the container falls, or the closure may be mechanically contracted with external pressure applied. When the closure 100 contracts, each panel 104 and center 106 contracts into the height of its neighboring outer panel, successively, until the closure is substantially flat-topped, or concave.

FIGS. 3-6 depict partial cross-sections of exemplary closures having threads 302 and sides 304, where the thickness of the tops (306, 406, 506, and 606, respectively) of the closures is varied to allow the closure to flex in response to pressure. The closures may flex, for example, where the material is thinner than the surrounding material.

FIGS. 7-9 depict partial cross-sections of exemplary closures having threads 302 and sides 304, where the tops (706, 806, and 906, respectively) are comprised of at least two different materials having different heat deflection temperatures. For example, materials 702 and 704 may be different from one another, materials 802 and 804 may be different from one another, and, materials 902 and 904 may be different from one another. The closure materials may then deform at different rates at a given temperature, causing the closures to flex or stretch.

FIG. 10 depicts an optional over-cap 1002 that may be used over any of the closures described herein. Over-cap 1002 may be necessary if the heat from the filled material causes substantial deformation of the sides 1004. Over-cap 1002 may be metal, or a plastic with a heat-deflection temperature higher than that of the top 1006. Over-cap 1002 may substantially surround sides 1004 and may cover a portion of an outer-most panel, while not covering the remainder of the top 1006, to allow for expansion of top 1006. Although FIG. 10 shows over-cap 1002 to be of essentially the same height as side 1004, over-cap 1002 may be shorter or longer than side 1004. Over-cap 1002 may be press-fitted to attach to the closure. Alternatively, the sides 1004 of the closure may have external threads (not shown) and the over-cap 1002 may be coupled to the closure with threads on the inside of the over-cap (not shown).

An advantage to embodiments of the present invention is that the closure may accept all of the volume change of a hot-filled container where a metal closure cannot. Embodiments of the closure may be molded from a plastic or other suitable flexible material, and may change shape to compensate for the change in internal pressure due to hot fill. Compensating for the pressure change primarily in the closure rather than the container body may free up a push-up base of the container to be designed more with structural integrity in mind, or assist the push-up base in accepting the volume change. This will also allow greater design freedom for label panels, and assist in opening the process window for the design of the push-up portion of the container base.

Additionally, in an exemplary embodiment, the closure may be in contact with the product in the container and/or have the capability to sense the temperature of the product in the container. The closure may have the capability to change color or shape with heat. This would be useful, for example, if the container were for a bottled coffee, or soup, or a beverage for a child. The color or shape could indicate if the product is at a predetermined temperature, or too hot.

In another exemplary embodiment, a figure or figurine may form or be attached to the closure. When the product in the container is heated, for example, in a microwave, the pressure buildup inside the container may cause a flexible portion of the figure to either depress or extend, for example, the figure's eyes or tongue may bulge, or other features of the figure may change shape, indicating a heated or over-heated product.

In an exemplary embodiment, the amount of deformation of the closure may be related to the amount of vacuum on the container. This will allow for a quick visual inspection to determine whether the container is properly sealed.

In an exemplary embodiment, the closure may have a diameter of greater than or equal to 48 millimeters (mm). In another exemplary embodiment, the closure may have a diameter of up to about 120 mm. In another exemplary embodiment, the closure may have a diameter of between about 63 mm to about 120 mm. In another exemplary embodiment, the closure may be used on containers of between about eight ounces to about five gallons.

The embodiments illustrated and discussed in this specification are intended only to teach those skilled in the art the best way known to the inventors to make and use the invention. Nothing in this specification should be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All examples presented are representative and non-limiting. The above-described embodiments of the invention may be modified or varied, without departing from the invention, as appreciated by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described. 

1. A closure for a hot-filled container comprising: a base adapted to be coupled to the container, the base having a bottom side and a top side; and a roof having an outer diameter, the roof being coupled to the top side of the base at said outer diameter, the roof having: a plurality of substantially flat concentric panels elevated from said top side of said base, wherein each panel is elevated from the next outermost adjacent panel by a sidewall; and a substantially flat center coupled to an inner diameter of an innermost substantially flat panel and elevated therefrom.
 2. The closure of claim 1, wherein the closure is plastic.
 3. The closure of claim 1, wherein said plurality of substantially flat concentric panels are for contracting when the closure is attached to a container that has been hot-filled.
 4. The closure of claim 3, wherein said plurality of substantially flat concentric panels contracts such that said roof is substantially flat.
 5. The closure of claim 3, wherein said plurality of substantially flat concentric panels contracts such that said roof is concave.
 6. The closure of claim 3, wherein said plurality of substantially flat concentric panels are for contracting as a result of a vacuum being applied to the panels.
 7. The closure of claim 3, wherein said plurality of substantially flat concentric panels contracts when external pressure is applied to the closure.
 8. The closure of claim 3, wherein said plurality of substantially flat concentric panels are for contracting such that said roof contacts the contents of the container.
 9. The closure of claim 3, wherein the closure is for changing color according to a temperature change in the contents of the container.
 10. The closure of claim 1, wherein the closure is substantially circular.
 11. The closure of claim 1, wherein said base is threaded.
 12. The closure of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the closure is between 48 millimeters and 120 millimeters.
 13. The closure of claim 1, further comprising: an over-cap substantially surrounding said base and covering a portion of an outermost substantially flat concentric panel.
 14. The closure of claim 13, wherein said over-cap is metal.
 15. The closure of claim 13, wherein said over-cap is plastic having a heat deflection temperature higher than a heat deflection temperature of said roof.
 16. The closure of claim 13, wherein said over-cap is coupled to said base via a press-fit.
 17. The closure of claim 13, wherein said base includes exterior threads, and where said over-cap is coupled to said base via said exterior threads.
 18. A closure for a hot-filled container comprising: a base adapted to be coupled to the container, the base having a bottom side and a top side; and a roof having an outer diameter, the roof being coupled to the top side of the base at said outer diameter, the roof having: at least one area of a first thickness; and at least one area of a second thickness.
 19. The closure of claim 18, wherein said areas of said first and second thicknesses are for contracting when the closure is attached to a container that has been hot-filled.
 20. The closure of claim 18, wherein the diameter of the closure is between 48 millimeters and 120 millimeters.
 21. The closure of claim 18, further comprising: an over-cap substantially surrounding said base and covering an outermost portion of said roof.
 22. The closure of claim 21, wherein said over-cap is metal.
 23. The closure of claim 21, wherein said over-cap is plastic having a heat deflection temperature higher than a heat deflection temperature of said roof.
 24. The closure of claim 21, wherein said over-cap is coupled to said base via a press-fit.
 25. The closure of claim 21, wherein said base includes exterior threads, and where said over-cap is coupled to said base via said exterior threads.
 26. A closure for a hot-filled container comprising: a base adapted to be coupled to the container, the base having a bottom side and a top side; and a roof having an outer diameter, the roof being coupled to the top side of the base at said outer diameter, the roof having: at least one area comprised of a first material; and at least one area comprised of a second material, wherein said first and second materials have different deflection rates at a given temperature.
 27. The closure of claim 26, wherein said areas of said first and second materials are for contracting when the closure is attached to a container that has been hot-filled.
 28. The closure of claim 26, wherein the diameter of the closure is between 48 millimeters and 120 millimeters.
 29. The closure of claim 26, further comprising: an over-cap substantially surrounding said base and covering an outermost portion of said roof.
 30. The closure of claim 26, wherein said over-cap is metal.
 31. The closure of claim 26, wherein said over-cap is plastic having a heat deflection temperature higher than a heat deflection temperature of said roof.
 32. The closure of claim 26, wherein said over-cap is coupled to said base via a press-fit.
 33. The closure of claim 26, wherein said base includes exterior threads, and where said over-cap is coupled to said base via said exterior threads. 